what is the cause of dengue

Dengue is caused by the dengue virus, which is spread to humans primarily through the bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. These mosquitoes thrive in tropical and subtropical climates worldwide, which is why your cousin’s exposure during a trip is a likely source. When an Aedes mosquito bites a person infected with the dengue virus, it can become a carrier and, subsequently, transmit the virus to other individuals through bites. Not everyone develops severe symptoms upon infection. The symptoms you’ve described—high fever, severe headaches, and joint pain—are characteristic of dengue fever. The severity of the disease can vary due to factors like the individual’s age, prior immunity to different strains of the dengue virus, and overall health. While there’s no specific treatment for dengue, supportive care such as hydration, fever management, and pain relief can help. Preventing mosquito bites is crucial to avoiding dengue. Use insect repellent containing DEET, wear long sleeves and pants, and stay in well-screened or air-conditioned areas when possible. Mosquito nets, especially those treated with insecticide, can be effective. In areas with significant dengue transmission, reducing stagnant water in containers around living spaces can help to control mosquito breeding. Some vaccines may provide some protection, depending on your health status and local availability, so it’s worth discussing options with a healthcare provider before traveling. As for why some individuals are more severely affected, certain genetic and immunological factors might contribute to the intensity of the response. It’s crucial to monitor symptoms closely, as severe dengue can lead to more significant complications like hemorrhage or organ impairment, requiring immediate medical attention.