Reasons for Low BP in Pregnancy: Causes, Symptoms, and Safe Remedies

Pregnancy is one of the most beautiful yet challenging journeys in a woman’s life. Along with the joy of expecting a baby, it also brings many physical and hormonal changes that can sometimes be confusing or even scary. One such change that many Indian mothers-to-be experience is low blood pressure (low BP). While it’s often not as widely discussed as high BP or preeclampsia, hypotension (the medical term for low BP) can still cause discomfort, dizziness, and in some cases, risks for both mother and baby. The good news? In most situations, it can be managed with the right care, nutrition, and lifestyle adjustments. Let’s explore in detail the reasons for low BP in pregnancy, its symptoms, and what you can do about it.

What is Low Blood Pressure in Pregnancy?

During pregnancy, your body undergoes massive changes to support the growth of your baby. Normally, a healthy blood pressure reading is around 120/80 mmHg. But when the numbers dip below 90/60 mmHg, doctors usually call it low BP.

Interestingly, low BP is actually quite common in the first and second trimester of pregnancy. This happens because your blood vessels expand due to hormonal shifts, particularly the effect of progesterone. While it may sound alarming, in many cases it’s a natural response of the body.

That said, it’s still important to understand the difference between “normal pregnancy changes” and “low BP that needs medical attention.” If you’re feeling extremely dizzy, fainting often, or experiencing blurred vision, it’s not something to ignore. In rare cases, untreated low BP can impact the blood flow to the placenta, which means the baby might not get enough oxygen and nutrients.

So, while a bit of fluctuation is normal, consistent low blood pressure during pregnancy deserves attention.

Reasons for Low BP in Pregnancy

Understanding the causes can help you deal with low BP better. Here are some of the most common reasons why it happens:

Hormonal Changes

The biggest reason is the surge of progesterone in early pregnancy. This hormone relaxes your blood vessel walls to allow smoother blood flow, but at the same time, it lowers blood pressure.

Expanding Blood Volume

During pregnancy, your body produces almost 50% more blood than usual to nourish the baby. But until your system adjusts to this extra volume, dips in BP are very normal.

Anemia and Nutritional Deficiencies

In India, anemia is unfortunately quite common among expecting mothers due to iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 deficiencies. These nutritional gaps don’t just make you feel tired — they can also contribute to lower BP readings.

Dehydration and Heat

Hot weather, not drinking enough water, or vomiting due to morning sickness can lead to dehydration. This reduces your blood volume temporarily and drops your BP. Many Indian women living in hot climates face this issue more often.

Postural Changes

Ever felt dizzy when suddenly standing up? That’s called orthostatic hypotension. It happens because your body can’t adjust blood flow quickly when you change positions. Pregnant women are especially prone to it.

Underlying Health Conditions

Although less common, thyroid disorders, heart problems, or adrenal gland issues can also cause low BP in pregnancy. That’s why regular check-ups are super important.

Multiple Pregnancies

If you’re carrying twins or triplets, your body’s demand increases even more. That can sometimes make blood pressure drop more often than in single pregnancies.

Symptoms of Low Blood Pressure During Pregnancy

Not every pregnant woman with low BP will feel sick, but many do experience discomforts. Here are some of the most common signs:

• Dizziness or lightheadedness – especially when standing up too quickly.

• Fainting spells – sudden loss of balance can be risky for both mother and baby.

• Blurred vision – things might seem hazy for a few moments.

• Fatigue and weakness – feeling drained even after resting.

• Nausea – sometimes linked with morning sickness, sometimes not.

• Cold, clammy skin – when circulation slows down.

Sometimes the symptoms are mild and pass quickly, but other times they can be persistent. If you notice fainting, chest pain, severe headaches, or confusion — it’s important to call a doctor right away.

Effects of Low BP on Pregnancy

Low blood pressure isn’t always dangerous, but it can cause complications in some cases.

On the Mother

• Frequent fainting increases the chance of falls and injuries.

• Extreme tiredness can make daily life harder, especially in later pregnancy.

• Severe cases can cause shock (very rare but possible).

On the Baby

• Reduced blood flow to the placenta can sometimes mean the baby doesn’t get enough oxygen or nutrients.

• Long-term, untreated low BP may contribute to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

• But good news: most cases of pregnancy-related low BP do not lead to serious harm if managed on time.

Doctors in India often reassure expecting mothers that low BP is usually a temporary phase, peaking in the 2nd trimester and improving by the 3rd.

What to Eat to Increase Low Blood Pressure During Pregnancy?

Diet plays a huge role in keeping blood pressure stable. The right foods can give you more energy and reduce dizzy spells. Let’s look at some practical, India-friendly options:

Stay Hydrated

Dehydration is one of the quickest ways to lower BP. Drink at least 8–10 glasses of water daily. Coconut water, lemon water with a pinch of salt, and buttermilk are also great choices for hydration and electrolytes.

Iron and Folate Rich Foods

Since anemia is a leading cause, load your plate with:

• Spinach, beetroot, broccoli

• Jaggery, dates, raisins (easy snacks and sweet alternatives)

• Chana, moong dal, masoor dal

Salty Snacks (in moderation)

Salt increases fluid retention, which can help raise BP. Opt for salted nuts, roasted chana, or light homemade pickles — but avoid overdoing it.

Protein Sources

Eggs, paneer, chicken, lentils, and soy products are excellent for maintaining strength and circulation.

Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

Banana, pomegranate, apples, and carrots support healthy blood flow. Seasonal fruits in India like guava or papaya can also be included.

Traditional Remedies

Some women sip ginger tea or tulsi tea in moderation for quick relief. But always check with a doctor before trying herbal options during pregnancy.

Foods to Avoid

• Too much coffee or tea (small amounts are fine, but excess caffeine may harm).

• Fried or junk foods that cause sluggish digestion.

• Alcohol (completely unsafe in pregnancy anyway).

A balanced Indian thali — with rice/roti, dal, sabzi, curd, and salad — often provides the nutrients needed to keep BP steady.

Lifestyle Remedies to Manage Low BP in Pregnancy

Food helps, but lifestyle habits matter too. Making small changes in your daily routine can ease the symptoms of hypotension.

Rest and Sleep

Pregnant women need more rest than usual. Poor sleep makes dizziness and fatigue worse. Try to take short naps during the day if night sleep is disturbed.

Avoid Sudden Movements

Standing up too quickly from a lying position can cause sudden faintness. Move slowly, sit for a moment before standing, and avoid bending for long periods.

Gentle Physical Activity

Light walks, prenatal yoga, or simple stretches improve circulation. Avoid overexertion, especially in hot weather.

Wear Comfortable Clothing

Loose cotton clothes keep you cool and reduce stress on circulation. Tight clothes, especially around the belly, can make symptoms worse.

Eat Small, Frequent Meals

Large heavy meals can lower BP temporarily as blood rushes to the stomach for digestion. Instead, eat 4–6 small meals through the day.

Diagnosis and Medical Treatment

How Doctors Diagnose Low BP in Pregnancy

• Routine blood pressure checks at antenatal visits.

• Blood tests to check for anemia, thyroid issues, or other underlying conditions.

• Ultrasound to ensure the baby is receiving proper nourishment.

Medical Interventions

• Iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplements if deficiency is the cause.

• IV fluids in case of severe dehydration.

• Monitoring and treating underlying problems like thyroid disease or heart conditions.

Self-medicating is risky during pregnancy. Always follow a doctor’s advice, even for something as simple as salt intake.

Preventing Low BP in Pregnancy

While not all cases can be prevented, a few proactive steps make a big difference:

• Follow a balanced diet with enough fluids and electrolytes.

• Don’t skip meals; always carry small snacks when outdoors.

• Wear supportive footwear to avoid falls during dizzy spells.

• Go for regular antenatal check-ups to catch problems early.

• Track BP at home if you’re prone to sudden dips.

When to Consult a Doctor?

Call your doctor immediately if you experience:

• Repeated fainting spells

• Blurred vision that doesn’t go away

• Chest pain or breathlessness

• Severe headaches

• Reduced baby movements

These may signal more serious complications that need urgent care.

FAQs on Low BP in Pregnancy

Is low BP common during pregnancy?

Yes, it’s very common, especially in the first and second trimester due to hormonal changes.

Can low BP harm the baby?

Most cases are mild and temporary, but severe and untreated hypotension can affect the baby’s growth.

What home remedies work for low BP in pregnancy?

Hydration, salty snacks in moderation, iron-rich foods, and rest help a lot.

Is banana good for low BP during pregnancy?

Yes, bananas are rich in potassium and quick energy, which help regulate BP.

Which juice is best for low BP in pregnancy?

Pomegranate juice, beetroot juice, and lemon water with salt and sugar are excellent.

Should I take more salt for low BP during pregnancy?

A little extra salt can help, but too much can be harmful. Always check with your doctor first.

Does low BP mean I will have a baby boy or girl?

No, that’s just a myth! BP changes have nothing to do with the baby’s gender.

Conclusion

Low blood pressure during pregnancy may sound scary, but for most Indian mothers, it’s a temporary and manageable condition. With the right mix of diet, hydration, lifestyle habits, and medical care, you can stay safe and comfortable. Always remember — every pregnancy is unique. If you feel uneasy or notice unusual symptoms, don’t wait, consult your doctor.

A healthy mother means a healthy baby. Taking care of yourself is the best gift you can give your little one 💙.