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Kidney & Urinary Health
Question #21475
135 days ago
288

why does stone form in kidney - #21475

Dev

I am super worried because my dad has been dealing with these awful kidney stones for a while now. He says the pain is unbearable, like nothing he's ever felt before, and he's been going to the ER more times than I can count. They did some tests and told him he has kidney stones, but they didn't really explain why does stone form in kidney in the first place. We've been doing some research, and it's kinda confusing. I thought it might be because he doesn't drink enough water, but then I read that diet can also play a huge role!! He loves his sodas and processed foods, and I'm starting to wonder if that's actually making it worse. His doctor mentioned something about calcium levels but didn't elaborate on why does stone form in kidney tissues or if it's hereditary. Our family has a pretty good history of kidney issues, and this all has me doubting our choices, like what we're eating and how we take care of ourselves. Can anyone here break it down a bit more for us? Like, what are the main causes? What can we do to help prevent this from happening again or to help him cope? I just want to understand why does stone form in kidney and how to keep him healthy, especially since he's suffering so much!

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Doctors' responses

Kidney stones form when certain substances in the urine, such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid, become highly concentrated and crystallize. These crystals stick together, gradually forming stones. Several factors can contribute to stone formation. Dehydration is a common factor since it leads to more concentrated urine, increasing the risk of crystallization. Indeed, an inadequate fluid intake, often from a preference for sodas over water, can raise this risk. Diet’s another significant aspect. High oxalate foods (like spinach or nuts), high sodium intake, and a diet high in animal proteins can increase the chances of forming stones. You mentioned family history, and you’re right; genetics can play a role, making some people more predisposed.

Calcium levels are a bit confusing due to the common misconception that high calcium intake directly leads to stones. While stones are often made of calcium oxalate, dietary calcium actually binds oxalate in the gut, reducing oxalate absorption and thus, stone risk. Still, some people absorb more calcium from their diet, potentially leading to stones if combined with other risk factors.

To help prevent future stones, encouraging your dad to increase his water intake is crucial. Aim for enough fluids so that his urine is clear or pale yellow. Limiting soda and processed foods is wise, as these can often contain high sodium levels. Moderating oxalate-rich foods is useful, but not excessive restriction. Consider pairing them with calcium-rich foods at the same meal to reduce absorption. Watching animal protein intake may help, encouraging more plant-based proteins instead. Since recurrent stones are concerning, I’d recommend speaking with a healthcare provider about potential metabolic evaluations to pinpoint specific causes. They may also suggest medications to control urine composition if dietary changes haven’t been effective. In acute cases, when passing stones leads to unbearable pain or is accompanied by other concerning symptoms, visiting the ER for pain management and further assessment becomes necessary.

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